An if-then question gives a rule and asks which way it works: forwards is safe, backwards is a trap. Children in Year 3 now sit the OC test in Year 4, on 11–12 May 2027.
An if-then rule says that when one thing happens, another thing always happens. "Every child who finishes the obstacle course gets a gold sticker" means: if a child finishes, then they get a sticker.
A rule like this works like a one-way street. Going forward is safe: Hana finished, so Hana has a sticker. Going backwards is not: Leo has a sticker, but he might have got it for something else, and the rule never said finishing was the only way to get one.
How do if-then questions show up in the OC Thinking Skills test?
Your child reads a rule on a sign or about a class, then decides whose reasoning is correct or which sentence must be true. The Department says Thinking Skills checks critical thinking and problem solving, with no previous knowledge needed, and the section has a range of question types, shown in the practice tests.
The OC Thinking Skills test
What it means for if-then rules
30 questions in 30 minutes
Say the rule as if and then before looking at the options
4 options each
Check every option for a rule run backwards
There are no marks lost for incorrect answers
If unsure, pick the safest move and go on
The Department doesn't publish a fixed list of question types. If-then reasoning is how our lessons group these questions.
Four steps. Saying the rule out loud in if-then words does half the work, because it shows which way the rule runs.
Say the rule as if and then
Every child who finishes gets a sticker becomes: if a child finishes, then they get a sticker. Only if works the other way: you may feed the goats only if you hold a ticket means if you feed the goats, then you hold a ticket.
Find what you are told
Is the new fact the if part, the then part, or one of them not happening?
Make a safe move
Forward from if to then is safe. So is this one: if the then part didn't happen, the if part didn't happen either.
Stop at the U-turn
Then does not prove if. A sticker does not prove the child finished the course.
When there are two rules, join them like a chain: kite club leads to science club, and science club leads to no handball.
What do OC if-then questions look like?
Three questions from easier to harder: one rule, an only-if sign, and a chain of two rules.
Each one shows the answer and the working, so read them with your child. The explanation says why each wrong option is wrong: ask your child which one looked right at first, because that's the habit to fix.
Worked explanation 1
At the school fun day: Every child who finishes the obstacle course gets a gold sticker.
Jun says: "Leo has a gold sticker, so he must have finished the obstacle course."
Priya says: "Hana finished the obstacle course, so she must have a gold sticker."
If the information above is true, whose reasoning is correct?
AA.
Jun only
BB.
Priya only
CC.
Both Jun and Priya
DD.
Neither Jun nor Priya
Answer: B
Answer: B (Priya only)
The rule tells us what happens to everyone who finishes the course: they get a gold sticker.
Priya starts from someone who finished (Hana), so Hana must have a gold sticker. Priya is correct.
Jun starts from the sticker. The rule never says finishing the course is the only way to get a gold sticker, so Leo might have got his for something else. Jun is not correct.
Why the other options are wrong
A (Jun only): Jun turns the rule around; a gold sticker does not have to come from the obstacle course.
C (Both Jun and Priya): Priya is correct, but Jun is not.
D (Neither Jun nor Priya): Priya's reasoning follows the rule exactly: Hana finished, so she gets a gold sticker.
Worked explanation 2
Sign at the farm open day: You may feed the baby goats only if you are holding a yellow ticket.
Everyone at the farm open day follows the rule on the sign. Which one of these must be true?
AA.
Everyone holding a yellow ticket feeds the baby goats.
BB.
Everyone feeding the baby goats is holding a yellow ticket.
CC.
Everyone without a yellow ticket is at the pony rides.
DD.
Everyone who is not feeding the baby goats has no yellow ticket.
Answer: B
Answer: B (Everyone feeding the baby goats is holding a yellow ticket.)
"Only if" means a yellow ticket is needed before anyone may feed the baby goats.
Everyone follows the sign, so anyone who is feeding the goats must be holding a yellow ticket.
The sign does not make anyone feed the goats. A child with a ticket is allowed to, but might choose not to.
Why the other options are wrong
A: This turns the rule around. A ticket lets you feed the goats; it does not make you do it.
C: The sign says nothing about the pony rides, so this does not have to be true.
D: A child with a yellow ticket could still choose not to feed the goats, so this does not have to be true.
Worked explanation 3
About the Year 4 children: Every child in the kite club is also in the science club. No child in the science club plays handball at lunch.
Tane says: "Aroha plays handball at lunch, so she cannot be in the kite club."
Quinn says: "Dimitri does not play handball at lunch, so he must be in the science club."
If the information above is true, whose reasoning is correct?
AA.
Tane only
BB.
Quinn only
CC.
Both Tane and Quinn
DD.
Neither Tane nor Quinn
Answer: A
Answer: A (Tane only)
Join the two facts: a kite club child is in the science club, and a science club child does not play handball at lunch.
Tane: if Aroha were in the kite club, she would be in the science club, so she could not play handball at lunch. She does play, so she is not in the kite club. Tane is correct.
Quinn: the facts say science club children do not play handball. They never say that every child who does not play handball is in the science club. Quinn is not correct.
Why the other options are wrong
B (Quinn only): Quinn turns the fact around; not playing handball does not put a child in the science club.
C (Both Tane and Quinn): Quinn's reasoning does not follow from the facts.
D (Neither Tane nor Quinn): Tane's reasoning follows the chain of facts step by step.
Which if-then mistakes cost marks?
Most wrong options run a rule backwards. These are the three to watch. Each has a quick check your child can run before choosing.
×
Running the rule backwards: a sticker doesn't prove the course was finished, so ask whether there could be another way.
×
Reading allowed as must: a ticket lets you feed the goats but doesn't make you, so check whether the rule forces anything.
×
Adding facts the rule never gave: if an option talks about pony rides or anything the rule doesn't mention, it can't be a must.
What does the If-Then Reasoning lesson cover?
If-Then Reasoning (lesson preview)
A short preview from the SelectiveReady lesson “If-Then Reasoning”, on if-then reasoning for the NSW Selective test.
Published:
Read the video transcript
This weapon is called the contrapositive. I know it sounds a little fancy, but the idea is actually really simple. You take your original one-way street, you flip it backwards, and you make both parts the opposite. You negate them, and the magic here is that this new statement you just built is 100% as true and reliable as the original one was. Let's see it in action with our rain example. The original was if it rains, the ground gets wet. So to get the contrapositive, first we flip it, so we start with the ground. Then we negate both parts, so the ground gets wet, becomes the ground is not wet, you know, it's dry, and it rains, becomes it did not rain. So our new totally true statement is, if the ground is dry, then it definitely did not rain. See that? It's the safe way to go backwards.
The preview has English and Chinese captions. It shows a safe way to turn a rule around: flip it and make both parts the opposite, as in if the ground is dry, it didn't rain.
The full lesson in the SelectiveReady app adds the one-way street, the U-turn trap and chains of rules. A free account opens one lesson, How and Why Authors Write; the other lessons need a paid plan.
How can my child practise if-then reasoning for free?
Start with Practice test 1, which has Thinking Skills at its real length and time. It's one full practice test with results, with a free account. Every answer is explained, and the results by skill show whether your child loses marks on if-then rules.
After that, the app has drills by section and topic; a free account drills the free test's questions, and a paid plan opens the rest. At home, hunt for rules on signs and in games. Say each one as an if-then rule, and ask: does it work backwards?
Questions parents ask about if-then questions for OC
Isn't this just reading carefully?
Partly. Careful reading finds the rule, but children also need to know that a rule only works one way. That habit takes practice.
Does my child need to know about clubs or farms to answer?
No. The Department says there's no new or special knowledge needed. Only the rule on the screen counts, even when real life seems to say something else.